The foods : the lawful and the forbidden

1. Any food belonging to someone else that it is forbidden to touch

   God says: “Do not consume one another's wealth unjustly […].”

   Surah 2, Al-Baqarah, verse 188
2. Any animal that died naturally

   Including the animal strangled, beaten, killed by a fall or by goring, or devoured by a wild beast.

3. Blood

   Shed by slaughter, or that of a dead animal that was not slaughtered, even in small quantity.

4. Pork

   As well as everything extracted from it: blood, fat and other derivatives.

5. Any animal sacrificed for anything other than God

   And over which the name of God has not been invoked.

6. Any animal sacrificed on the altars of pagans

   Including what is sacrificed on the tombs of saints or symbolically to powers other than God.

1. The meat of domestic donkeys

   On the day of the conquest of Khaybar, Jabir (may Allah be pleased with them both) said, the Prophet ﷺ forbade the meat of domestic donkeys and permitted that of horses.

   Hadith narrated by al-Bukhari (no. 5520) and Muslim (no. 1941), on the authority of Jabir ibn 'Abdillah (may Allah be pleased with them both)
2. The meat of mules

   By analogy with that of donkeys. God says: “And [He created] horses, mules and donkeys for you to ride and as adornment. […]”

   Surah 16, An-Nahl, verse 8
3. Food belonging to others

   The Prophet ﷺ said: “None of you should milk another's animal without his permission.”

   Hadith narrated by al-Bukhari (no. 2435, Book of Lost Property) and Muslim (no. 1726), on the authority of Ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both)
4. The meat of predators and birds of prey

   Any predator with fangs (lion, tiger, bear, wolf, dog, jackal, fox…) and any bird of prey with talons (falcon, eagle, kite, hawk, owl…). Ibn 'Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: “The Prophet forbade the meat of every carnivore and every bird of prey.”

   Hadith narrated by Muslim (no. 1934, Book of Hunting and Slaughter)
5. Animals that feed on filth

   Abu Dawud narrates on the authority of Ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Prophet ﷺ forbade the meat and milk of cattle and the meat of poultry that feed on filth. To cleanse their bodies and their milk, these animals must be kept isolated for a certain time.

   Hadith narrated by Abu Dawud (no. 3785, Book of Foods), deemed authentic by al-Albani

1. Any poison

   Its toxicity is well known.

2. Sand, clay, stone and coal

   Given their harm and the absence of any benefit to the body.

3. What is repugnant to man

   Such as insects, a source of disease and harm to the body.

1. Any food or drink soiled by impurities

   About a mouse that fell into a pot of butter, the Prophet ﷺ said: “If the butter is solid, throw away the mouse and what is around it, then eat the rest. If it is liquid, do not touch it.”

   Hadith narrated by Abu Dawud (no. 3842, Book of Foods), on the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him)
2. Anything impure by nature

   Such as feces and dung.

A hungry person who fears for their life is permitted to consume what is forbidden to them, apart from poison, in order to preserve life, without however exceeding the strict necessary or taking pleasure in what they eat.